A cyst consists of fibrous tissue and is a pathological capsule filled with fluid. A timely X-ray makes it possible to diagnose a cyst. When a cyst becomes inflamed, there is pain, swelling, suppuration, redness and puffiness.
Types of cysts
If a cyst is connected to a tooth, it is called odontogenic. Accordingly, a cyst not connected to the teeth is called non-odontogenic. If a tooth bud fails to develop properly for some reason, a follicular cyst appears.
If the main cyst is removed incompletely, a complication arises in the form of a residual cyst.
Cysts can also be radicular, epidermoid and others. A cyst of any type and origin is removed only surgically.
Surgical treatment of a cyst
When a cyst is found, the dentist goal is to save the tooth. With the hemisection technique, the tooth root is completely removed together with the crown. If a cystotomy is performed, the doctor removes the pathological fluid inside the cyst and rinses it with solutions. A cystotomy is performed when the pathological process spreads to more than three teeth. A cystectomy is performed when the cyst, located at the apex of the tooth root, needs to be removed completely. If the tooth can be saved, the doctor performs a resection.
Causes of cysts and possible complications
A cyst can form as a result of long-untreated caries, pulpitis, inflammatory processes in the mouth, periodontitis, sinusitis and others.
A cyst may cause no discomfort for a long time. As a result, a person may not immediately suspect its presence. Periostitis, sinusitis, bone-tissue atrophy, osteomyelitis and much more are severe complications of cysts.